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Duluth Complex - Birch Lake
Minnesota, USA
Main commodities: PGE PGM Cu Ni




The most recent source geological information used to prepare this description was dated: 2005.     Record last updated: 22/04/2020
This description is a summary from published sources, the chief of which are listed below.
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    Selected References
Benko, Z., Mogessie, A., Molnar, F., Krenn, K., Poulson, S.R., Hauck, S., Severson, M. and Arehart, G.B.,  2015 - Hydrothermal alteration and Cu-Ni-PGE mobilization in the charnockitic rocks of the footwall of the South Kawishiwi intrusion, Duluth Complex, USA: in    Ore Geology Reviews   v.67, pp. 170-188.
Benko, Z., Mogessie, A., Molnar, F., Severson, M.J., Hauck, S.A. and Raic, S.,  2015 - Partial Melting Processes and Cu-Ni-PGE Mineralization in the Footwall of the South Kawishiwi Intrusion at the Spruce Road Deposit, Duluth Complex, Minnesota : in    Econ. Geol.   v.110 pp. 1269-1293
Queffurus M and Barnes S-J,  2014 - Selenium and Sulfur Concentrations in Country Rocks From the Duluth Complex, Minnesota, USA: Implications for Formation of the Cu-Ni-PGE Sulfides : in    Econ. Geol.   v.109 pp. 785-794
Ripley E M, Taib N I, Li C and Moore C H,  2007 - Chemical and mineralogical heterogeneity in the basal zone of the Partridge River Intrusion: implications for the origin of Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization in the Duluth Complex, midcontinent rift system : in    Contrib. to Mineralogy & Petrology   v154 pp 35-54
Severson M J, Miller J D, Peterson D M, Green J C and Hauck S A,  2002 - Mineral potential of the Duluth Complex and related intrusions: in Miller J D, et al., (Eds.), 2002 Geology and Mineral Potential of the Duluth Complex and Related Rocks of Northeastern Minnesota Minnesota Geological Survey   Report of Investigations 58 pp 164-200


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