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The most recent source geological information used to prepare this description was dated: 2012. Record last updated: 13/07/2015 This description is a summary from published sources, the chief of which are listed below. © Copyright Porter GeoConsultancy Pty Ltd. Unauthorised copying, reproduction, storage or dissemination prohibited. Bayan Obo | |||||
| Selected References | |||||
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Chen, W., Liu, H.-Y., Lu, J., Jiang, S.-Y., Simonetti, A., Xu, C. and Zhang, W., 2020 - The formation of the ore-bearing dolomite marble from the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, Inner Mongolia: insights from micron-scale geochemical data: in Mineralium Deposita v.55, pp. 131-146. | |||||
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Deng, M., Xu, C., Song, W., Tang, H., Liu, Y., Zhang, Q., Zhou, Y., Feng, M. and Wei, C., 2017 - REE mineralization in the Bayan Obo deposit, China: Evidence from mineral paragenesis: in Ore Geology Reviews v.91, pp. 100-109. | |||||
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Drew L J, Meng Qingrun, Sun Weijun 1990 - The Bayan Obo iron-rare-earth-niobium deposits, Inner Mongolia, China: in Lithos v26 pp 43-65 | |||||
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Fan, H.-R., Hu, F.-F., Yang, K.-F., Piranjo, F., Liu, X. and Wang, K.-Y., 2014 - Integrated U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronology for a REE-rich carbonatite dyke at the giant Bayan Obo REE deposit, Northern China: in Ore Geology Reviews v.63, pp. 510-519. | |||||
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Fan, H.-R., Xie, Y.-H., Wang K.-Y. and Wilde, S.A., 2004 - Methane-rich fluid inclusions in skarn near the giant REE-Nb-Fe deposit at Bayan Obo, Northern China: in Ore Geology Reviews v25 pp 259-283 | |||||
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Fan, H.-R., Yang, K.-F., Hu, F.-F., Liu, S. and Wang, K.-Y., 2016 - The giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, China: Controversy and ore genesis: in Geoscience Frontiers v.7, pp. 335-344. | |||||
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Hu, L., Li, Y.-K., Wu, Z.-J., Bai, Y. and Wang, A.-J., 2019 - Two metasomatic events recorded in apatite from the ore-hosting dolomite marble and implications for genesis of the giant Bayan Obo REE deposit, Inner Mongolia, Northern China: in J. of Asian Earth Sciences v.172, pp, 56-65. | |||||
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Huang, X.-W., Zhou, M.-F., Qiu, Y.-Z. and Qi, L., 2015 - In-situ LA-ICP-MS trace elemental analyses of magnetite: The Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit, North China: in Ore Geology Reviews v. 65, pp. 884-899. | |||||
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Lai, X., Yang, X., Santosh, M., Liu, Y. and Ling, M., 2015 - New data of the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit, Inner Mongolia:Implications for ore genesis: in Precambrian Research v.263, pp. 108-122. | |||||
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Lai, X.-D. and Yang, X.-Y., 2013 - Geochemical characteristics of the Bayan Obo giant REE-Nb-Fe deposit: Constraints on its genesis: in J. of South American Earth Sciences v.41, pp. 99-112. | |||||
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Lai, X.-D., Yang, X.-Y. and Sun, W.D., 2012 - Geochemical constraints on genesis of dolomite marble in the Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, Inner Mongolia: Implications for REE mineralization: in J. of Asian Earth Sciences v.57, pp. 90-102. | |||||
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Lai, X.-D., Yang, X.-Y., Liu, Y. and Yan, Z.-Q., 2016 - Genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit: Evidences from Pb-Pb age and microanalysis of the H8 Formation in Inner Mongolia, North China Craton: in J. of Asian Earth Sciences v.120, pp. 87-99. | |||||
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Li, X.-C., Fan, H.-R., Su, J.-H., Groves, D.I., Yang, K.-F. and Zhao, X.-F., 2024 - Giant Rare Earth Element Accumulation Related to Voluminous, Highly Evolved Carbonatite: A Microanalytical Study of Carbonate Minerals From the Bayan Obo Deposit, China: in Econ. Geol. v.119, pp. 373-393. doi: 10.5382/econgeo.5060. | |||||
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Ling, M.-X., Zhang, H., Li, H., Liu, Y,-L., Liu, J., Li, L.-Q., Li, C.-Y., Yang, X.-Y., and Sun, W., 2014 - The Permian-Triassic granitoids in Bayan Obo, North China Craton: A geochemical and geochronological study: in Lithos v.190-191, pp. 430-439. | |||||
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Liu, S., Fan, H.-R., Yang, K.-F., Hu, F.-F., Wang, K.-Y., Chen, F.-K., Yang, Y.-H., Yang, Z.-F. and Wang, Q.-W., 2018 - Mesoproterozoic and Paleozoic hydrothermal metasomatism in the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit: Constrains from trace elements and Sr-Nd isotope of fluorite and preliminary thermodynamic calculation: in Precambrian Research v.311, pp. 228-246. | |||||
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Liu, Y,-L., Fan, H.-R., Yang, K.-F., Hu, F.-F., Rusk, B., Liu, X., Li, X.-C., Yang, Z.-F., Wang, Q.W. and Wang, K.-Y., 2018 - Fenitization in the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit: Implication for REE mineralization: in Ore Geology Reviews v.94, pp. 290-309. | |||||
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Liu, Y,-L., Ling, M.-X., Williams, I.S., Yang, X.-Y., Wang, C.Y. and Sun, W., 2018 - The formation of the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, North China, Mesoproterozoic carbonatite and overprinted Paleozoic dolomitization: in Ore Geology Reviews v.92, pp. 73-83. | |||||
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Lu, J., Chen, W., Ying, Y., Jiang, S. and Zhao, K., 2021 - Apatite texture and trace element chemistry of carbonatite-related REE deposits in China: Implications for petrogenesis: in Lithos v.398-399, 20p. doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106276 | |||||
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Nie, F.-J., Jiang, S.-H., Su, X.-X. and Wang, X.-L., 2002 - Geological features and origin of gold deposits occurring in the Baotou-Bayan Obo district, south-central Inner Mongolia, Peoples Republic of China: in Ore Geology Reviews v21 pp 139-169 | |||||
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Pirajno, F., 2014 - Intracontinental anorogenic alkaline magmatism and carbonatites, associated mineral systems and the mantle plume connection: in Gondwana Research v.27, pp. 1181-1216. | |||||
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Ren, Y., Yang, X., Wang, S. and Ozturk, H., 2019 - Mineralogical and geochemical study of apatite and dolomite from the Bayan Obo giant Fe-REE-Nb deposit in Inner Mongolia: New evidences for genesis: in Ore Geology Reviews v.109, pp. 381-406. | |||||
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Smith M and Chengyu W, 2000 - The Geology and Genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb Deposit: A Review: in Porter T M (Ed), 2000 Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold & Related Deposits: A Global Perspective PGC Publishing, Adelaide v.1 pp. 271-281 | |||||
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Smith M P, 2007 - Metasomatic silicate chemistry at the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit, Inner Mongolia, China: Contrasting chemistry and evolution of fenitising and mineralising fluids: in Lithos v93 pp 126-148 | |||||
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Smith M P, Henderson P 2000 - Preliminary fluid inclusion constraints on fluid evolution in the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit, Inner Mongolia, China: in Econ. Geol. v95 pp 1371-1388 | |||||
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Smith M P, Henderson P 1999 - Fluid inclusion constraints on the genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit: in Stanley, et. al., (Eds), Mineral Deposits: Processes to Processing Balkema, Rotterdam pp 103-106 | |||||
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Smith, M.P., Campbell, L.S. and Kynicky, J., 2015 - A review of the genesis of the world class Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposits, Inner Mongolia, China: Multistage processes and outstanding questions: in Ore Geology Reviews v.64, pp. 459-476. | |||||
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Smith, M.P., Moore, K., Kavecsanszki, D., Finch, A.A., Kynicky, J. and Wall, F., 2016 - From mantle to critical zone: A review of large and giant sized deposits of the rare earth elements: in Geoscience Frontiers v.7, pp. 315-334. | |||||
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Sun, J., Zhu, X., Chen, Y. and Fang, N., 2013 - Iron isotopic constraints on the genesis of Bayan Obo ore deposit,Inner Mongolia, China: in Precambrian Research v.235, pp. 88-106. | |||||
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Tian, P., Gao, P., Tang, Z., Wang, X. and He, J., 2025 - Study on the mechanism of hydrogen-based mineral phase transformation to enhance the grinding characteristics of Bayan Obo polymetallic ore: in Minerals Engineering v.227, doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109298. | |||||
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Wang, K., Fang, A., Zhang, J., Yu, L., Dong, C., Zan, J.-F., Hao, M. and Hu, F., 2019 - Genetic relationship between fenitized ores and hosting dolomite carbonatite of the Bayan Obo REE deposit, Inner Mongolia, China: in J. of Asian Earth Sciences v.174, pp. 189-204. | |||||
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Wang, Z.-Y., Fan, H.-R., Zhou, L., Yang, K.-F. and She, H.-D., 2020 - Carbonatite-Related REE Deposits: An Overview: in Minerals (MDPI) v.10, 26p. doi:10.3390/min10110965. | |||||
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Wei, C.W., Deng, M., Xu, C., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Smith, M.P., Kynicky, J., Song, W.L., Chen, W. and Fu, B., 2022 - Mineralization of the Bayan Obo Rare Earth Element Deposit by Recrystallization and Decarbonation: in Econ. Geol. v.117, pp. 1327-1338. | |||||
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Xu, C., Wang., L., Song, W. and Wu, M., 2010 - Carbonatites in China: A review for genesis and mineralization: in Geoscience Frontiers v.1, pp. 105-114. | |||||
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Yang, K.-F., Fan., H.-R., Santosh, M., Hu, F.-F. and Wang, K.-Y., 2011 - Mesoproterozoic carbonatitic magmatism in the Bayan Obo deposit, Inner Mongolia, North China: Constraints for the mechanism of super accumulation of rare earth elements: in Ore Geology Reviews v.40, pp. 122-131. | |||||
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Yang, K.-F., Fan., H.-R., Santosh, M., Hu, F.-F. and Wang, K.-Y., 2011 - Mesoproterozoic mafic and carbonatitic dykes from the northern margin of the North China Craton: Implications for the final breakup of Columbia supercontinent: in Tectonophysics v.498, pp. 1-10. | |||||
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Yang, X.-M. and Le Bas, M.J., 2004 - Chemical compositions of carbonate minerals from Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, China: implications for petrogenesis: in Lithos v72 pp 97-116 | |||||
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Yang, X.-Y., Lai, X.-D., Pirajno, F., Liu, Y., Mingxing, L. and Sun, W.-D., 2017 - Genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb formation in Inner Mongolia, North China Craton: A perspective review: in Precambrian Research v.288, pp. 39-71. | |||||
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Zhang, J., Fan, H., Xiao, W., Xu, X., Wakabayashi, J., Zhang, L., Zhao, Y., Wang, Q., Zhao, Y. and Wang, K., 2024 - Configuration of Carbonatite Constrained in Preintrusion Transpositional Foliation in the Bayan Obo Giant Rare Earth Element Deposit, China: in Econ. Geol. v.119, pp. 853-869. doi: 10.5382/econgeo.5076. | |||||
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Zhang, S.-H., Zhao, Y. and Liu, Y., 2017 - A precise zircon Th-Pb age of carbonatite sills from the worlds largest Bayan Obo deposit: Implications for timing and genesis of REE-Nb mineralization: in Precambrian Research v.291, pp. 202-219. | |||||
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Zhang, S.-H., Zhao, Y., Li, Q.-L., Hu, Z.-C. and Zhen, Z.-Y., 2017 - First identification of baddeleyite related/linked to contact metamorphism from carbonatites in the worlds largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo in North China Craton: in Lithos v.284-285, pp. 654-665 | |||||
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Zhu, X,-K., Sun, J. and Pan, C., 2015 - Sm-Nd isotopic constraints on rare-earth mineralization in the Bayan Obo ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, China: in Ore Geology Reviews v.64, pp. 543-553. | |||||
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Porter GeoConsultancy Pty Ltd (PorterGeo) provides access to this database at no charge. It is largely based on scientific papers and reports in the public domain, and was current when the sources consulted were published. While PorterGeo endeavour to ensure the information was accurate at the time of compilation and subsequent updating, PorterGeo, its employees and servants: i). do not warrant, or make any representation regarding the use, or results of the use of the information contained herein as to its correctness, accuracy, currency, or otherwise; and ii). expressly disclaim all liability or responsibility to any person using the information or conclusions contained herein. | |||||
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