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Iron oxide-alkali altered (IOAA) systems and Iron Oxide Copper Gold (IOCG) deposits
Australia
Main commodities: Cu Au U Fe




The most recent source geological information used to prepare this description was dated: 2010.    
This description is a summary from published sources, the chief of which are listed below.
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    Selected References
Barton, M.D.,  2014 - Iron Oxide(-Cu-Au-REE-P-Ag-U-Co) Systems: in Turekian, K. and Holland, H., (Eds.), 2014 Treatise on Geochemistry 2nd Edition, Elsevier Ltd.   Ch. 13.20, pp. 515-541. dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.01123-2.
Chiaradia M, Banks D, Cliff R, Marschik R and de Haller A,   2006 - Origin of fluids in iron oxide-copper-gold deposits: constraints from d37Cl, 87Sr/86Sri and Cl/Br : in    Mineralium Deposita   v41 pp 565-573
Corriveau, L., Mumin, A.H., and Potter, E.G.,  2022 - Mineral systems with iron oxide copper-gold (Ag-Bi-Co-U-REE) and affiliated deposits: introduction and overview: in Corriveau, L., Potter, E.G. and Mumin, A.H., (Eds.), 2022 Mineral systems with iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) and affiliated deposits, Geological Association of Canada,   Special Paper 52, pp. 1-26.
Groves D I, Bierlein F P, Meinert L D and Hitzman M W,  2010 - Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (IOCG) Deposits through Earth History: Implications for Origin, Lithospheric Setting, and Distinction from Other Epigenetic Iron Oxide Deposits : in    Econ. Geol.   v105 pp 641-654
Hitzman M W, Oreskes N, Einaudi M T  1992 - Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of Proterozoic iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-REE) deposits: in    Precambrian Research   v58 pp 241-287
Hong, S., Zuo, R., Huang, X. and Xiong, Y.,  2021 - Distinguishing IOCG and IOA deposits via random forest algorithm based on magnetite composition: in    J. of Geochemical Exploration   v.230, doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2021.106859.
Huang, X.-W., Boutroy, E., Makvandi, S., Beaudoin, G., Corriveau, L. and De Toni, A.F.,  2019 - Trace element composition of iron oxides from IOCG and IOA deposits: relationship to hydrothermal alteration and deposit subtypes: in    Mineralium Deposita   v.54, pp. 525-552.
Pollard, P.J.,  2006 - An intrusion-related origin for Cu-Au mineralization in iron oxide-copper-gold ( IOCG ) provinces: in    Mineralium Deposita   v.41, pp. 179-187.
Porter T M,  2010 - Current Understanding of Iron Oxide Associated-Alkali Altered Mineralised Systems: Part I, An Overview: in Porter T M, (Ed),  2010 Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold and Related Deposits: A Global Perspective PGC Publishing, Adelaide   v.3 pp. 5-32
Porter T M,  2010 - Current Understanding of Iron Oxide Associated-Alkali Altered Mineralised Systems: Part II, A Review: in Porter T M, (Ed),  2010 Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper-Gold and Related Deposits: A Global Perspective, PGC Publishing, Adelaide   v.3 pp. 33-106
Richards, J.P., Lopez, G.P., Zhu, J-.J., Creaser, R.A., Locock, A.J. and Mumin, A.H.,  2017 - Contrasting Tectonic Settings and Sulfur Contents of Magmas Associated with Cretaceous Porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au and Intrusion-Related Iron Oxide Cu-Au Deposits in Northern Chile: in    Econ. Geol.   v.112, pp. 295-318.
Rodriguez-Mustafa, M.A., Simon, A.C., del Real, I., Thompson, J.F.H., Bilenker, L.D., Barra, F,. Bindeman, I. and Cadwell, D.,  2020 - A Continuum from Iron Oxide Copper-Gold to Iron Oxide-Apatite Deposits: Evidence from Fe and O Stable Isotopes and Trace Element Chemistry of Magnetite: in    Econ. Geol.   v.115, pp. 1443-1459.
Skirrow, R.G.,  2022 - Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits - A review (part 1): Settings, mineralogy, ore geochemistry and classification: in    Ore Geology Reviews   v.140, 36p. doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104569.
Skirrow, R.G.,  2010 - Hematite-group IOCG ± U systems: Tectonic settings, hydrothermal characteristics, and Cu-Au and U mineralizing processes: in Corriveau, L. and Mumin, H. (eds), 2010 Exploring for Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Deposits: Canada and Global Analogues, Geological Association of Canada,   Short Course Notes 20, pp. 39-58.
Skirrow, R.G., Murr, J., Schofield, A., Huston, D.L., van der Wielen, S., Czarnota, K., Coghlan, R., Highet, L.M., Connolly, D., Doublier, M. and Duan, J.,  2019 - Mapping iron oxide Cu-Au (IOCG) mineral potential in Australia using a knowledge-driven mineral systems-based approach: in    Ore Geology Reviews   v.113, 31p. doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.103011
Tornos, F., Velasco, F., Barra, F. and Morata, D.,  2010 - The Tropezon Cu-Mo-(Au) deposit, Northern Chile: the missing link between IOCG and porphyry copper systems ?: in    Mineralium Deposita   v.45, pp. 313-321.
Williams P J, Barton M D, Johnson D A, Fontbote L, de Haller A, Mark G, Oliver N H S and Marschik R,  2005 - Iron oxide copper-gold deposits: Geology, space-time distribution and possible modes of origin: in Hedenquist J W, Thompson J F H, Goldfarb R J and Richards J P (Eds.), 2005 Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume, Society of Economic Geologists, Denver,    pp 371-405
Williams, P.J.,  2022 - Magnetite-group IOCGs with special reference to Cloncurry (NW Queensland) and northern Sweden: settings, alteration, deposit characteristics, fluid sources and their relationship to apatite-rich iron ores: in Corriveau, L., Potter, E.G. and Mumin, A.H., (Eds.), 2022 Mineral systems with iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) and affiliated deposits, Geological Association of Canada,   Special Paper 52, pp. 53-68.
Zhao, X.-F., Zeng, L.P., Liao, W., Fan, Y.-Z., Hofstra, A.H., Emsbo, P., Hu, H. and Wen G.,  2024 - Iron oxide-apatite deposits form from hydrosaline liquids exsolved from subvolcanic intrusions: in    Mineralium Deposita   v.59, pp. 655-669.


Porter GeoConsultancy Pty Ltd (PorterGeo) provides access to this database at no charge.   It is largely based on scientific papers and reports in the public domain, and was current when the sources consulted were published.   While PorterGeo endeavour to ensure the information was accurate at the time of compilation and subsequent updating, PorterGeo, its employees and servants:   i). do not warrant, or make any representation regarding the use, or results of the use of the information contained herein as to its correctness, accuracy, currency, or otherwise; and   ii). expressly disclaim all liability or responsibility to any person using the information or conclusions contained herein.

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